In the table below a summary with all the capitals of Europe, you find also a useful map with their position on the continent and the population updated to the latest data or available estimates, both of the city itself and of its urban agglomeration.Moscow in Russia is the easternmost and most populated capital, but most of the country is located in Asia, as in the case of Turkey, which has only a small part in Europe, Eastern Thrace.
With very few exceptions, such as Bern in Switzerland, the capital is also the most populous city in the country; some capitals have a few thousand inhabitants, this is because they are located in states with a very limited extension and a consequent low population, such as San Marino, Vatican City or Liechtenstein.
In Europe there is the northernmost capital of the world, Reykjavik, while Valletta is the southernmost one in this continent; Andorra La Vella is the highest capital, while Amsterdam is the lowest, 2 meters below sea level.
| Flag | Country | Capital | Population | Urban aggl. | Elevation |
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Albania | Tirana | 440,000 | 917,000 | 110 m |
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Andorra | Andorra La Vella | 20,700 | 20,700 | 1,023 m |
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Austria | Vienna | 2,015,000 | 2,015,000 | 172 m |
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Belarus | Minsk | 1,993,000 | 2,126,000 | 220 m |
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Belgium | Brussels | 197,000 | 2,238,000 | 18 m |
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Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sarajevo | 276,000 | 430,000 | 511 m |
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Bulgaria | Sofia | 1,197,000 | 1,197,000 | 560 m |
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Croatia | Zagreb | 691,000 | 691,000 | 120 m |
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Czech Republic | Prague | 1,385,000 | 1,385,000 | 190 m |
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Denmark | Copenhagen | 662,000 | 1,650,000 | 3 m |
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Estonia | Tallinn | 458,000 | 458,000 | 30 m |
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Finland | Helsinki | 678,000 | 1,146,000 | 8 m |
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France | Paris | 2,088,000 | 11,108,000 | 37 m |
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Germany | Berlin | 3,597,000 | 4,286,000 | 34 m |
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Greece | Athens | 643,000 | 3,309,000 | 73 m |
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Hungary | Budapest | 1,686,000 | 2,407,000 | 102 m |
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Iceland | Reykjavik | 136,000 | 240,000 | 8 m |
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Ireland | Dublin | 593,000 | 1,386,000 | 2 m |
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Italy | Rome | 2,755,000 | 3,239,000 | 21 m |
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Kosovo | Pristina | 145,000 | 145,000 | 652 m |
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Latvia | Riga | 605,000 | 605,000 | 6 m |
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Liechtenstein | Vaduz | 5,800 | 5,800 | 455 m |
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Lithuania | Vilnius | 605,000 | 605,000 | 156 m |
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Luxembourg | Luxembourg | 135,000 | 135,000 | 305 m |
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Malta | Valletta | 5,200 | 355,000 | 42 m |
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Moldova | Chisinau | 639,000 | 639,000 | 85 m |
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Monaco | Monaco | 38,400 | 38,400 | 10 m |
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Montenegro | Podgorica | 173,000 | 173,000 | 44 m |
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Netherlands | Amsterdam | 931,000 | 1,736,000 | -2 m |
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North Macedonia | Skopje | 527,000 | 527,000 | 270 m |
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Norway | Oslo | 720,000 | 1,007,000 | 23 m |
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Poland | Warsaw | 1,862,000 | 2,028,000 | 112 m |
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Portugal | Lisbon | 567,000 | 2,832,000 | 8 m |
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Romania | Bucharest | 1,725,000 | 2,097,000 | 70 m |
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Russia | Moscow | 13,010,000 | 17,878,000 | 148 m |
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San Marino | San Marino | 4,100 | 4,100 | 670 m |
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Serbia | Belgrade | 1,197,000 | 1,355,000 | 117 m |
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Slovakia | Bratislava | 478,000 | 478,000 | 157 m |
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Slovenia | Ljubljana | 288,000 | 288,000 | 290 m |
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Spain | Madrid | 3,340,000 | 6,798,000 | 667 m |
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Sweden | Stockholm | 989,000 | 2,200,000 | 28 m |
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Switzerland | Bern | 137,000 | 431,000 | 542 m |
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Turkey | Ankara | 5,166,000 | 5,359,000 | 938 m |
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Ukraine | Kiev | 3,001,000 | 3,001,000 | 179 m |
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United Kingdom | London | 8,777,000 | 10,803,000 | 24 m |
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Vatican City | Vatican City | 760 | 760 | 18 m |
* data on urban agglomerations updated to 2023 (estimates), those on population according to official data or more recent estimates of the national statistical services, when different from urban agglomerations.